The Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission did an admirable job of interpreting, applying and clarifying International Humanitarian Law (IHL) on the protection of persons. However, some of its legal findings may be criticised, which include: the repatriation of prisoners of war, which was considered as subject to reciprocity considerations; the Commission holding admissible the denial of civilians' right to return to their home countries and even their internment, merely because they were of military age; the conclusion that IHL of military occupation is inapplicable to the invasion phase; and, the impression given that isolated IHL violations do not give rise to State responsibility or that a State only has a due diligence obligation to hinder its soldiers from committing rape. In addition to criticism of the foregoing findings, this contribution finally questions the International Committee of the Red Cross's (ICRC) rejection of the requests of both parties, to submit to the Commission reports each received from the ICRC—on its visits to persons deprived of their liberty.