Chromosome 22q11.2 (22q11DS) is a genetic condition associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders (including schizophrenia) and a particular cognitive profile. In this work the first objective was to specify the neuropsychological profile of this population. We were first interested in delineating the developmental trajectories of several sub-domains of executive functions and attention in a longitudinal sample of children, adolescents and young adults with a 22q11DS. Secondly, we question the general hypothesis of preserved long-term verbal memory in these patients by studying the processes of memory retention and forgetting after a prolonged period of time (one month). Finally, the second objective was to examine the benefits of a stimulant medication (methylphenidate) on cognitive processes such as executive functions, attention and memory in the context of 22q11DS.