The Cerrado Domain is a crucial biological corridor between all biomes of Brazil, especially between the tropical rainforest biomes. Mosses were used as a model organism to evaluate the current biogeographical connections between the Atlantic Forest and the Amazon Forest Domains through the Cerrado Domain. By computing newly gathered data in the field and herbarium data, the bryological diversity of the Cerrado was second in line after the highly diverse Atlantic Forest. Unexpectedly, the data displayed the well-accepted north-south subdivision of the Atlantic Forest Domain and grouped most of the localities of the Cerrado Domain with the localities in the northern part of the Atlantic Forest Domain. Pursuing gathering expeditions in the remote regions of the Cerrado was shown essential for inventorying the Brazilian biodiversity. This project showed how mosses are an important model for biogeographical researches and how their current distribution patterns reflect species exchanges between highly threatened regions.