The Antimonio depositional system ranges from the Upper Permian to the uppermost Lower Jurassic. It is the only locality of Upper Triassic shallow marine carbonates in Mexico and through its speculative basement; it provides a potential link between the terrane framework of Mexico and the North American Cordillera. Various paleotectonic models have been proposed to explain the mixed siliciclastic-carbonate successions of the Antimonio depositional system in Sonora, Mexico, including interpreting it as a distinct allochthonous terrane or having a position close to the Laurentian basement. Microfacies, paleontological and paleomagnetic studies have suggested a paleogeographic position in low latitudes close to Laurentia. However, the basement structures of the Antimonio depositional system are poorly known and have numerous uncertainties. Here, we use detrital zircon geochronology to identify the sources of terrestrial sediments of the Antimonio depositional system and to propose potential sedimentary distribution patterns. The results allow us to clarify its paleotectonic position and consolidate the geodynamic model of González-León et al. (2005), in which the Antimonio depositional system was attached to the Caborca block. Four major zircon age distributions of detrital zircon were determined in the Barra los Tanques and Sierra del Álamo sections of the Rio Asunción Formation (Antimonio depositional system: (1) a Permo-Triassic group (207–292 Ma); (2) the group/population of 1.0–1.2 Ga; (3) a group clustering between 1.3 and 1.5 Ga and (4) the group of 1.6–1.8 Ga. This new data set was compared with published detrital zircon data from localities along the North American Cordillera, using two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and hierarchical clustering. The results allow us to identify potential sources located in the Cordilleran continental arc and the ancestral Rocky Mountains, as well as in sediments and volcanic deposits of their respective surrounding areas. We suggest that the transport for these sediments was likely provided through the Chinle river system, and long-shore oceanic currents. Combining published data from Magsat magnetic anomalies with stratigraphy based paleontology, and our new geochronological data analysis, we suggest that the Antimonio depositional system must have been part of Laurentia and potentially linked to the Caborca block during the Late Triassic.