This work describes the development of a model to addresssustainability in supply chain networks in comparing environmental impact tocost optimisation. It takes into account the effect of inventory managementpolicies on energy consumption in transportation and storage. This work firstfocusses on a base case with one product type, involving one transportationlink (from the supplier to the distributor) and one storage node. In addition,an extended case is considered, including additionally the transportation fromthe distributor to the customers. Based on real data, our results show that themost energy efficient solution is not necessarily detrimental to the economicprofits. Also, a higher performance does not always mean a higher energyuse: increasing the service level can indeed decrease the energy use. Finally,our analysis shows that the model can be extended to an entire supply chainnetwork