This thesis focuses on the inequality of opportunity from a unidimensional and a multidimensional perspective. In the former, we study how a policy influences the inequalities created due to a particular circumstance. Particularly, we look at how a conditional cash transfer program influences inequality caused due to gender in India. In the second part of this thesis, we have one project that combines different existing theoretical frameworks for studying multidimensional inequality and applies it in a practical context. Particularly, this paper aims to estimate the level and change of inequality of opportunity in the employment domain using a multidimensional framework. The last project proposes a theoretical inequality of opportunity measure building on Yalonetzky's (2012) work called the Kullback-Leibler divergence index. This index is able to satisfy the property of dimensional decomposability, such that the Kullback-Leibler divergence measure of inequality of opportunity for a multidimensional outcome can be expressed as a function of Kullback-Leibler divergence measure of inequality of opportunity for each dimension plus a measure of association between dimensions.