Network analyses are now considered fundamental forunderstanding brain function. Nonetheless neuroimagingcharacterisations of connectivity are just emerging in clin-ical neuroscience. Here, we briefly outline the conceptsunderlying structural, functional and effective connectivity,and discuss some cutting-edge approaches to the quan-titative assessment of brain architecture and dynamics.As illustrated by recent evidence, comprehensive and in-tegrative network analyses offer the potential for refiningpathophysiological concepts and therapeutic strategies inneurological and psychiatric conditions across the lifes-pan.