Dermatological conditions affect more than 50 % of the world's population. Although topical delivery is considered superior to systemic administration for the treatment of local diseases, the efficacy of the current topical therapies is limited due to the intrinsic barrier function of skin and the nail. The results of different studies carried out during this research project have comprehensively demonstrated that the utilization of formulation (eg. hydrogel, microparticles and micelles) and physical enhancement strategies (eg. fractional laser ablation), as well as the combination of different techniques, can be used to improve topical drug delivery into skin and nails and thereby offer new approaches for more effective therapies.