This study aims to bring forward the phenomenon of contrast in the use of Arabic financial terminology between the Arab countries and the role of translation in this contrast. It attempts to answer the following question: Why does financial and specifically accounting terminology differ between Arab countries? The importance of this study comes from the lack documentation resources in this specific field. Due to the significance of finance and accounting in our lives, there is need to develop unified Arabic terms to facilitate the Arabic financial translation from other languages. This study analyzes a number of terms taken from financial statements prepared in five Arab countries in order to point out the variance in Arabic terminology used in these countries and verify the reason(s) behind the choice and use of each term. For doing so, we defined each term to establish a good understanding of their concepts and meanings, then we compared the chosen terms: a) between the chosen countries; b) with the meaning of each term in the Arabic dictionaries and lexicons; c) with the translation provided by the Unified Terminology Database.