Dialogue between cultures is stranded in the Mediterranean region but appears to be the solution to the XXIst century's challenges when the correlation between nature and human would more and more influence the social, political and economic issues. This paper aims to explore the question of how federalism and geopoetics (a concept developed by the writer Kenneth White) could bring a new perspective to the dialogue between cultures in the Mediterranean region. More precisely, it tries to put forward some alternatives in terms of “life style”, in order to respond to the XXIst century's urgent issues that this part of the world has to cope with, at individual and collective level.