This thesis combines 4 studies: two investigating maternal brain activity using fMRI and its association with child symptomatology, and two considering electroencephalography patterns of children with psychopathology or high risk for it, as well as in children of IPV-PTSD mothers in response to an EFMT. Results demonstrated that EEG was a useful tool in investigating changes in emotional information processing in children, and that children of IPV-PTSD mothers demonstrated decreased activity in brain areas involved in emotion regulation and top-down controls, in response to negative emotions. Similar pattern was also reported at Phase 1 in their mothers in response to IPV scenes and when viewing separation vs play in their own children. This research is to our knowledge the first study to show that maternal IPV-PTSD significantly affects mother's own neural activity, as well as her child's brain activation in response to faces displaying negative emotions.