The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of the increase in chemotherapy demands on a centralized production unit, to compare the effectiveness of the in-process controls, and to experiment with solutions to improve the efficiency of these processes. This research work has shown two observations: 1) The chemotherapy manufacturing process is sensitive to variations in workflows 2) Human control seems less effective than computer-assisted control in stopping preparation errors. He also highlighted two solutions: 1)Robots and Automated systems (automate Pharmahelp®) make possible to produce injectable cytotoxic drugs, although they require improvements in terms of productivity and ergonomics; 2) Process reengineering using a Lean-6-Sigma management model has optimized the production process and smoothed the activity on the journey. In conclusion, the consideration of the human factor and improving performance (automation and managerial model) are nowadays essential for the chemotherapy production activity.