piRNAs in sperm function and embryo viability

Article Article scientifique Revue de la littérature piRNAs in sperm function and embryo viability eng 2022-12 author Perillo Giulia 0000-0003-2892-1883 G Perillo, Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneve, Switzerland 987434 Département de médecine génétique et développement (GEDEV) author Shibata Keigo K Shibata, Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneve, Switzerland 986676 Département de médecine génétique et développement (GEDEV) author Wu Pei-Hsuan P Wu, Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Genève, Switzerland 978012 Département de médecine génétique et développement (GEDEV) R91-R102 10.1530/REP-22-0312 36538648 1470-1626 https://rep.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/rep/aop/rep-22-0312/rep-22-0312.xml <p>Unique to animals, PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) defend organisms against threats to germline integrity evoked by transposons, retroviruses, and inappropriate expression of protein-coding genes. Characterization of mouse piRNAs and studies of more than a dozen piRNA pathway protein mutants detailed in the past 15 years have firmly established an essential role for piRNAs in male fertility. Despite their vital function in spermatogenesis, mammalian piRNAs were thought to be dispensable beyond gamete formation because all piRNA pathway protein mouse mutants are invariably sterile and do not produce sperm. In contrast to the specialized purpose of piRNAs in gamete formation, tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been the focus of research in RNA-mediated paternal contribution, providing additional examples of the versatility of non-coding RNAs. In recent years, direct elimination of mouse piRNAs using CRISPR/Cas revealed their extended function in post-testicular sperm maturation. An intergenerational contribution from paternal piRNAs has also been proposed. Together with insights into piRNAs in oocytes and early embryos in mice and other mammals, these newly proposed functions of mammalian piRNAs invite further investigations of piRNA dynamics during sperm maturation and fertilization as well as their roles in reproduction beyond gametogenesis.</p> Dewey 576.5 Swiss National Science Foundation Epigenetic paternal contribution to embryogenesis through non-coding RNAs 201535 CH Careers 135 Département de médecine génétique et développement 21D false 1385 Fonction et mécanisme des petits ARN non codants germinaux dans le sperme et les embryons 1037 Reproduction 165 3 1b7e8d8d-1487-464d-95d9-00bcfe3d3cbb Article (Published version) Restricted Article-scientifique-from-unpaywall.pdf 1654172 application/pdf 02319fe579c0fb3a2b1c633b145883e0b57b2e72fc5a1f2a98c6b52771e5080f restrictedAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine fondamentale / Département de médecine génétique et développement

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piRNAs in sperm function and embryo viability	Reproduction			2022	116	1

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