The Role and Clinical Interest of Extracellular Vesicles in Pregnancy and Ovarian Cancer

Article Article scientifique Revue de la littérature The Role and Clinical Interest of Extracellular Vesicles in Pregnancy and Ovarian Cancer eng 2021-09-18 2021-09-18 author Yeganeh Kazemi Nazanin 948608 author Gendrot Benoît author Berishvili Berney Ekaterine 0000-0002-7969-1937 826237 author Markovic Svetomir N. author Cohen Marie-Benoîte 0000-0003-4621-5464 135615 1257 10.3390/biomedicines9091257 34572444 2227-9059 PMC8464910 https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/9/1257 Ovarian cancer and pregnancy are two states in which the host immune system is exposed to novel antigens. Indeed, both the tumor and placenta must invade tissues, remodel vasculature to establish a robust blood supply, and evade detection by the immune system. Interestingly, tumor and placenta tissue use similar mechanisms to induce these necessary changes. One mediator is emerging as a key player in invasion, vascular remodeling, and immune evasion: extracellular vesicles (EVs). Many studies have identified EVs as a key mediator of cell-to-cell communication. Specifically, the cargo carried by EVs, which includes proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, can interact with cells to induce changes in the target cell ranging from gene expression to migration and metabolism. EVs can promote cell division and tissue invasion, immunosuppression, and angiogenesis which are essential for both cancer and pregnancy. In this review, we examine the role of EVs in ovarian cancer metastasis, chemoresistance, and immune modulation. We then focus on the role of EVs in pregnancy with special attention on the vascular remodeling and regulation of the maternal immune system. Lastly, we discuss the clinical utility of EVs as markers and therapeutics for ovarian cancer and pre-eclampsia. Angiogenesis Exosome Extracellular vesicle Immune modulation Invasion Ovarian cancer Placenta Preeclampsia Pregnancy Syncytial knot Dewey 616 Dewey 617 Dewey 618 56 Département de médecine 221 57 Département de chirurgie 222 58 Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique 223 false 1323 Création de tissus par bio-ingénieurie et régénération d'organes 1021 584 Laboratoire de biologie des tumeurs gynécologiques et du développement 927 Biomedicines 9 9 2ec2c511-bea5-454d-9481-47db8ea0fb4b Article (Published version) Public Article-scientifique-from-unpaywall.pdf 1736633 application/pdf CC BY-4.0 openAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de médecine Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de chirurgie Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique

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The Role and Clinical Interest of Extracellular Vesicles in Pregnancy and Ovarian Cancer	Biomedicines			2021	232	256

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Yeganeh Kazemi, Nazanin