Cognitive enrichment through art: a randomized controlled trial on the effect of music or visual arts group practice on cognitive and brain development of young children

Article Article scientifique Article Cognitive enrichment through art: a randomized controlled trial on the effect of music or visual arts group practice on cognitive and brain development of young children eng 2024-04-04 2024-04-04 author James Clara 0000-0001-7480-0682 University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Geneva School of Health Sciences, Geneva Musical Minds lab (GEMMI lab), Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland. clara.james@hesge.ch.,Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 101, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. clara.james@hesge.ch. 501487 Section de psychologie (PSICO) author Tingaud Maxim University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Geneva School of Health Sciences, Geneva Musical Minds lab (GEMMI lab), Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland. 940928 author Laera Gianvito 0000-0002-0589-7334 University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Geneva School of Health Sciences, Geneva Musical Minds lab (GEMMI lab), Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 101, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.,Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Chemin de Pinchat 22, 1227, Carouge (Genève), Switzerland. 914377 Section de psychologie (PSICO) author Guedj Carole 0000-0001-9477-8873 University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Geneva School of Health Sciences, Geneva Musical Minds lab (GEMMI lab), Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Cognitive and Affective Neuroimaging section, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland. 861425 Centre d'imagerie bio-médicale (CIBM) author Zuber Sascha 0000-0001-9464-7048 Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Chemin de Pinchat 22, 1227, Carouge (Genève), Switzerland. 690540 Centre interfacultaire de gérontologie et d'études des vulnérabilités (CIGE) author Diambrini Palazzo R Accademia d'Archi. Route de Chêne 153, 1224, Chêne-Bougeries, Switzerland. author Vukovic S Haute école pédagogique de Vaud (HEP; University of Teacher Education, State of Vaud), Avenue de Cour 33, Lausanne, 1014, Switzerland. author Richiardi J Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 21, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland. author Kliegel Matthias Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Boulevard Carl-Vogt 101, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.,Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Chemin de Pinchat 22, 1227, Carouge (Genève), Switzerland. 761733 Section de psychologie (PSICO) author Marie Damien 0000-0001-8199-8260 University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland HES-SO, Geneva School of Health Sciences, Geneva Musical Minds lab (GEMMI lab), Avenue de Champel 47, 1206, Geneva, Switzerland.,CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Cognitive and Affective Neuroimaging section, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.,Brain and Behaviour Laboratory, Centre Médical Universitaire, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland. 849720 Centre d'imagerie bio-médicale (CIBM) 141 10.1186/s12906-024-04433-1 38575952 2662-7671 PMC10993461 Background: The optimal stimulation for brain development in the early academic years remains unclear. Current research suggests that musical training has a more profound impact on children's executive functions (EF) compared to other art forms. What is crucially lacking is a large-scale, long-term genuine randomized controlled trial (RCT) in cognitive neuroscience, comparing musical instrumental training (MIP) to another art form, and a control group (CG). This study aims to fill this gap by using machine learning to develop a multivariate model that tracks the interconnected brain and EF development during the academic years, with or without music or other art training. Methods: The study plans to enroll 150 children aged 6-8 years and randomly assign them to three groups: Orchestra in Class (OC), Visual Arts (VA), and a control group (CG). Anticipating a 30% attrition rate, each group aims to retain at least 35 participants. The research consists of three analytical stages: 1) baseline analysis correlating EF, brain data, age, gender, and socioeconomic status, 2) comparison between groups and over time of EF brain and behavioral development and their interactions, including hypothesis testing, and 3) exploratory analysis combining behavioral and brain data. The intervention includes intensive art classes once a week, and incremental home training over two years, with the CG receiving six annual cultural outings. Discussion: This study examines the potential benefits of intensive group arts education, especially contrasting music with visual arts, on EF development in children. It will investigate how artistic enrichment potentially influences the presumed typical transition from a more unified to a more multifaceted EF structure around age eight, comparing these findings against a minimally enriched active control group. This research could significantly influence the incorporation of intensive art interventions in standard curricula. Trial registration: The project was accepted after peer-review by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF no. 100014_214977) on March 29, 2023. The study protocol received approval from the Cantonal Commission for Ethics in Human Research of Geneva (CCER, BASEC-ID 2023-01016), which is part of Swiss ethics, on October 25, 2023. The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT05912270). Child development Executive functions Machine learning Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Musical instrumental training Randomized controlled trial Resting State-fMRI (RS-fMRI) Structural connectivity Task Functional MRI (fMRI) Visual arts Child Humans Child, Preschool Music / psychology Executive Function Brain Research Design Cognition / physiology Dewey 150 Swiss National Science Foundation Orchestra in Class, a novel booster for executive functions and brain development in young primary school children 214977 CH 108 Section de psychologie 71 false 594 Neuroscience de l'émotion et dynamiques affectives (NEAD) BMC complementary medicine and therapies 24 1 3616480e-4a14-4078-94b8-74d03e8f1795 Appendix Public 12906_2024_4433_MOESM1_ESM.docx 25935 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document 54af3ca427cbb3af53a074cbec0979e33bfe37940a28a40a7661a80d7f637a0c 0faaef76-a7ca-449e-9456-f0b02aab4d21 Article (Published version) Public Article-scientifique-from-europePmc.pdf 2716144 application/pdf CC BY 32469fac30d3c986003c71a4a92ae5e58b4102605b1c36bc3167b189bed402b7 openAccess Faculté de psychologie et des sciences de l'éducation / Section de psychologie

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Cognitive enrichment through art: a randomized controlled trial on the effect of music or visual arts group practice on cognitive and brain development of young children	BMC complementary medicine and therapies			2024	142	58

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