Economic and Social Costs of Noma: Design and Application of an Estimation Model to Niger and Burkina Faso

Article Article scientifique Article Economic and Social Costs of Noma: Design and Application of an Estimation Model to Niger and Burkina Faso eng 2022-06-28 2022-06-28 author Kabengele Mpinga Emmanuel 0000-0002-5763-4843 135131 author Srour Margaret Leila author Adamou Moussa Marie-Solène 934091 author Dupuis Marc author Kagone Kagoné author Maïna Sani Malam Grema author Ngoyi-Bukonda Zacharie author Baratti Denise 88158 119 10.3390/tropicalmed7070119 35878131 2414-6366 PMC9317383 https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/7/119 Background: While noma affects hundreds of thousands of children every year, taking their lives, disfiguring them and leaving them permanently disabled, the economic and social costs of the disease have not been previously estimated. An understanding of the nature and levels of these costs is much needed to formulate and implement strategies for the prevention and control of this disease, or to mitigate its burden. The objectives of our study were to develop a model for estimating the economic and social costs of noma and to provide estimates by applying this model to the specific contexts of two countries in the "noma belt", namely Burkina Faso and Niger. Methods: Three main approaches were used. The estimation of prevalence levels of potential noma cases and of cases that should receive and actually do receive medical care was carried out using a literature review. The documentary approach made it possible to estimate the direct costs of noma by analyzing the database of a non-governmental organization operating in this field and present in both countries. Indirect costs were estimated using the human capital method and the cost component analysis technique. Results: The direct costs of care and management of noma survivors amount to approximately USD 30 million per year in Burkina Faso, compared to approximately USD 31 million in Niger. They mainly include costs for medical treatment, surgery, hospital stays, physiological care, psychological care, social assistance, schooling, vocational training and care abroad. Indirect costs are estimated at around 20 million in lost production costs in Burkina and around 16 million in Niger. Costs related to premature deaths are estimated at more than USD 3.5 billion in Burkina Faso and USD 3 billion in Niger. Finally, the costs to survivors who are unable to marry are around USD 13.4 million in Burkina and around USD 15 million in Niger. Intangible costs were not calculated. Conclusions: The neglect of noma and inaction in terms of prevention and control of the disease have enormous economic and social costs for households, communities and states. Future studies of this kind are necessary and useful to raise awareness and eradicate this disease, which impacts the health and well-being of children and results in lifelong suffering and severe economic and social costs to survivors and their families. Noma Economic Social Cost Burden Burkina Faso Niger Estimating model Dewey 613 66 Institut de santé globale 22A1 false Tropical medicine and infectious disease 7 7 dc77884c-0f1d-4ec4-b3b0-fb1746553746 Article (Published version) Public tropicalmed-07-00119-v2-1.pdf 831496 application/pdf CC BY-4.0 openAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de santé et médecine communautaires / Institut de santé globale

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Economic and Social Costs of Noma: Design and Application of an Estimation Model to Niger and Burkina Faso	Tropical medicine and infectious disease			2022	265	181

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Adamou Moussa, Marie-Solène