Heavy metal concentration in irrigation water, soil and dietary risk assessment of Amaranthus viridis grown in peri-urban areas in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Article Article scientifique Article Heavy metal concentration in irrigation water, soil and dietary risk assessment of Amaranthus viridis grown in peri-urban areas in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo eng 2020 author Ngweme Georgette N. author Atibu Emmanuel K. author Al Salah Dhafer Mohammed M. 892817 author Muanamoki Paola M. author Kiyombo Guillaume M. author Mulaji Crispin K. author Otamonga Jean-Paul 932666 author Pote-Wembonyama John 0000-0003-4091-749X 525637 16-24 10.1016/j.wsee.2020.07.001 2589-4714 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2589471420300024 The urban agriculture in developing countries plays a huge important socioeconomic role in confronting the challenge of eradicating hunger, improving food security and the social daily life of the population. However, the quality evaluation of water used for urban agriculture irrigation as well as the accumulation of pollutants such as heavy metals in fresh produces are still largely unstudied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of metals (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb and Hg) in irrigation water from rivers, soil and Amaranthus viridis (A. viridis), in order to evaluate the potential human dietary risks. The research was conducted in eight sites characterized by intensive agriculture performed in watersheds in Kinshasa, capital of Democratic Republic of the Congo. The results showed high metal concentrations in A. viridis leaf varying considerably among sampling sites (P<0.05), reaching the values (in mg kg-1 wet weight) of 2.97 (Cr), 1.73 (Co), 12.30 (Ni), 16.11 (Cu), 652.91 (Zn), 0.10 (As), 1.62 (Cd), 8.91 (Pb), and 0.1 (Hg). These values exceeded safe limits set by Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization for human consumption (WHO/FAO) for human consumption. The assessment of human health risks using the targeted risk quotient and estimated dietary intake showed potential health hazards to consumers due to the levels of Cd and Pb in leafy vegetables from several studied sites. The vegetable contamination can be explained by chemicals used to combat and prevent A. viridis diseases, and the vehicle and motorcycle emissions around. Thus, given the concentrations of metals in A. viridus leaf, human health implications are likely to occur on heavy continuous consumption. Urban agriculture Amaranthus viridis Metals Water pollution Dietary intake Health risk Dewey 333.7-333.9 Dewey 550 Swiss National Science Foundation grant n° IZSEZO_188357 / 1 CH 18 Institut des sciences de l'environnement 0DB 41 Département F.-A. Forel des sciences de l'environnement et de l'eau 153 false 1217 FORE9 Environmental microbiology Watershed Ecology and the Environment 2 d1e713b1-88d9-4b55-a54b-2694c5661f1e Article (Published version) Public Ngweme2020.pdf 1779734 application/pdf openAccess Centres et instituts / Institut des sciences de l'environnement Faculté des sciences / Section des sciences de la Terre et de l'Environnement / Département F.-A. Forel des sciences de l'environnement et de l'eau

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Heavy metal concentration in irrigation water, soil and dietary risk assessment of Amaranthus viridis grown in peri-urban areas in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo	Watershed Ecology and the Environment			2020	709	612

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Otamonga, Jean-Paul