Different reinforcement learning biases in Parkinson's disease, Narcolepsy, and healthy subjects

Diplôme Master Different reinforcement learning biases in Parkinson's disease, Narcolepsy, and healthy subjects eng 2023 author Hinnen Gabriel 895313 Structure enseignement (ENSI) director Sterpenich Virginie 0000-0002-2125-833X 685195 Services communs du CISA (EMCO) director Schwartz Sophie 0000-0001-7718-4053 35633 Département de neurosciences fondamentales (NEUFO) 65 Learning through rewards and punishments is an essential part of our everyday life, as it helps us attribute values to things, and shapes our behaviour (approach rewards or avoid punishments). However, reinforcement learning processes can be altered in certain neurological conditions, such as Narcolepsy and Parkinson’s disease. In this project, 12 narcoleptic patients (NC), 15 Parkinson’s disease patients (PD) and 14 healthy controls (HC) were compared for a reinforcement learning task in an fMRI protocol. We also fitted a computational model to each participant’s learning to extract prediction error (PE) values at each trial as well as learning rates. Behaviourally, no differences were observed between the three populations. Similarly, a whole-brain analysis revealed no between-groups differences, highlighting a higher activity in the bilateral Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) for positive feedbacks and in the bilateral insular cortex for negative ones, for all subjects. However, learning rates showed that HC subjects were more sensitive to positive PEs, whereas PD patients were more sensitive to negative PEs, during their learning process. At the cerebral level, activity in the bilateral VTA, NAcc and dACC, as well as the bilateral amygdala and anterior insula, tends to underly these biases, which we propose to interpret in terms of different learning profiles. Regarding NC patients, while no specific bias was shown behaviourally, activity in the caudate nucleus head suggested a tendency towards a negative-PE bias. These results indicate that NC and PD patients display behavioural and/or cerebral reinforcement learning alterations, materialized by different PE sensitivities. Different learning profiles might therefore be engaged, influencing these patients’ everyday functioning and well-being. Dewey 616.8 Maîtrise universitaire interdisciplinaire en neurosciences 53 Département de neurosciences fondamentales 21A false 495 Neuroimagerie du Sommeil et de la Cognition 832 ea2324cf-bf90-4c82-a307-d9afc63c1102 Master thesis Restricted Hinnen_Gabriel_Final_MastersThesis_.pdf 1557675 application/pdf 7b63e8fcef78cee9c280d14138e891fe3903dfb632b2491a3f7676c2741b5695 restrictedAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine fondamentale / Département de neurosciences fondamentales

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Different reinforcement learning biases in Parkinson's disease, Narcolepsy, and healthy subjects				2023	87	1

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