Challenging Ancient DNA Results About Putative HLA Protection or Susceptibility to Yersinia pestis

Article Article scientifique Article Challenging Ancient DNA Results About Putative HLA Protection or Susceptibility to Yersinia pestis eng 2022-04-06 2022-04-01 author Di Da 0000-0002-4283-1940 Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution—Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland 663072 author Simon Thomas Jeanne Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution—Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland 873711 author Currat Mathias 0000-0001-5211-8922 Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution—Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland 89701 Département de génétique et évolution (Genev) (BIANI) author Nunes Jose Manuel Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution—Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland 122321 Département de génétique et évolution (Genev) (BIANI) author Sanchez-Mazas Alicia 0000-0002-7714-2432 Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution—Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland 22545 Département de génétique et évolution (Genev) (BIANI) 1-6 msac073 10.1093/molbev/msac073 35383854 0737-4038 PMC9021733 https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/doi/10.1093/molbev/msac073/6564158 In a recent article, Immel et al. (Immel A, Key FM, Szolek A, Barquera R, Robinson MK, Harrison GF, Palmer WH, Spyrou MA, Susat J, Krause-Kyora B, et al. 2021. Analysis of genomic DNA from medieval plague victims suggests long-term effect of Yersinia pestis on human immunity genes. Mol Biol Evol. 38:4059–4076) extracted DNA from 36 individuals dead from plague in Ellwangen, Southern Germany, during the 16th century. By comparing their human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes with those of 50 present-day Ellwangen inhabitants, the authors reported a significant decrease of HLA-B*51:01 and HLA-C*06:02 and a significant increase of HLA-DRB1*13:01/13:02 frequencies from ancient to modern populations. After comparing these frequencies with a larger sample of 8,862 modern Germans and performing simulations of natural selection, they concluded that these changes had been driven by natural selection. In an attempt to provide more evidence on such stimulating results, we explored the HLA frequency patterns over all of Europe, we predicted binding affinities of HLA-B/C/DRB1 alleles to 106,515 Yersinia pestis-derived peptides, and we performed forward simulations of HLA genetic profiles under neutrality. Our analyses do not sustain the conclusions of HLA protection or susceptibility to plague based on ancient DNA. Yersinia pestis HLA Ancient DNA Computer simulations Pathogen-driven selection Peptide-binding predictions Dewey 590 Swiss National Science Foundation Molecular diversity and evolution of HLA genes in Africa (HLA-AFRICA) 188820 CH Swiss National Science Foundation Early human settlements in contrasting environments: HLA molecular variation and its link to population expansions and immune adaptation 144180 CH Swiss National Science Foundation Paleogenomic investigation of the Evolution of European populations using computational simulations 182577 CH 44 Département de génétique et évolution 162 false Molecular biology and evolution 39 4 e0f73225-95d7-4940-bcd9-fcc01f77eaeb Article (Published version) Public Article-scientifique-from-unpaywall.pdf 316618 application/pdf CC BY-NC-4.0 9ef75492f88facfde0a2df28e35368546d1947081786ee1ae80bc69863351001 openAccess Faculté des sciences / Section de biologie / Département de génétique et évolution

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Challenging Ancient DNA Results About Putative HLA Protection or Susceptibility to Yersinia pestis	Molecular biology and evolution			2022	98	330

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