PET imaging of dopamine neurotransmission during EEG neurofeedback

Article Article scientifique Article PET imaging of dopamine neurotransmission during EEG neurofeedback eng 2021 author Ros Tomas 0000-0001-6952-0459 771389 author Kwiek Jessica Bernadetta 848042 author Andriot Théo 850896 author Michela Abele 752883 author Vuilleumier Patrik 0000-0002-8198-9214 134853 author Garibotto Valentina 0000-0003-2422-698X 704817 author Ginovart Nathalie 0000-0003-1684-6599 637504 10.3389/fphys.2020.590503 33584328 1664-042X https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.590503/full Neurofeedback (NFB) is a brain-based training method that enables users to control their own cortical oscillations using real-time feedback from the electroencephalogram (EEG). Importantly, no investigations to date have directly explored the potential impact of NFB on the brain's key neuromodulatory systems. Our study's objective was to assess the capacity of NFB to induce dopamine release as revealed by positron emission tomography (PET). Thirty-two healthy volunteers were randomized to either EEGneurofeedback (NFB) or EEG-electromyography (EMG), and scanned while performing self-regulation during a single session of dynamic PET brain imaging using the high affinity D2=3 receptor radiotracer, [18F]Fallypride. NFB and EMG groups down-regulated cortical alpha power and facial muscle tone, respectively. Task-induced effects on endogenous dopamine release were estimated in the frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and thalamus, using the linearized simplified reference region model (LSRRM), which accounts for time-dependent changes in radiotracer binding following task initiation. Contrary to our hypothesis of a differential effect for NFB vs. EMG training, significant dopamine release was observed in both training groups in the frontal and anterior cingulate cortex, but not in thalamus. Interestingly, a significant negative correlation was observed between dopamine release in frontal cortex and pre-to-post NFB change in spontaneous alpha power, suggesting that intra-individual changes in brain state (i.e., alpha power) could partly result from changes in neuromodulatory tone. Overall, our findings constitute the first direct investigation of neurofeedback's effect on the endogenous release of a key neuromodulator, demonstrating its feasibility and paving the way for future studies using this methodology. Dopamine Neurofeedback Positron emission tomography Electromyography Electroencephalography Fallypride Dewey 616.0757 Dewey 616.8 Dewey 616.89 Autre BIAL Foundation 442/14 53 Département de neurosciences fondamentales 21A 60 Département de psychiatrie 225 62 Département de radiologie et informatique médicale 227 false 1250 Imagerie de la transmission dopaminergique dans les troubles addictifs 989 1222 Laboratoire de neuroimagerie et de traceurs moléculaires innovants 984 428 Mécanismes cérébraux du comportement et des fonctions cognitives 701 Frontiers in Physiology 11 590503 3ecaa674-9ae4-4227-9479-46780cfa27bf Article (Published version) Public Ros_et_al-Frontiers-2021.pdf 2435528 application/pdf CC BY openAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine fondamentale / Département de neurosciences fondamentales Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de psychiatrie Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de radiologie et informatique médicale

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PET imaging of dopamine neurotransmission during EEG neurofeedback	Frontiers in Physiology			2021	418	191

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Kwiek, Jessica Bernadetta