Fitness of B-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 WT and Variants Up to One Year After Mild COVID-19

Article Article scientifique Article Fitness of B-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 WT and Variants Up to One Year After Mild COVID-19 – A Comprehensive Analysis eng 2022-05-02 2022-05-02 author Meyer Benjamin 0000-0003-0601-3550 915879 author Martinez Murillo Paola Andréa 895620 author Lemaitre Barbara 649671 author Blanchard Rohner Géraldine 518713 author Didierlaurent Arnaud 0000-0002-4736-9003 934659 author Fontannaz Paola 88291 author Eugercios Manzanas Chloé 838500 author Lambert Paul Henri 25121 author Loevy Natasha 783066 author Kaiser Laurent 28229 author Sartoretti Julie 729742 author Tougne Chantal 23068 author Villard Jean 29595 author Csaki Huttner Angela 788122 author Siegrist Claire-Anne 26816 author Eberhardt Christiane Sigrid 669023 841009 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841009 35585978 1664-3224 PMC9108245 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.841009/full Objective: To comprehensively evaluate SARS-CoV-2 specific B-cell and antibody responses up to one year after mild COVID-19. Methods: In 31 mildly symptomatic COVID-19 participants SARS-CoV-2-specific plasmablasts and antigen-specific memory B cells were measured by ELISpot. Binding antibodies directed against the proteins spike (S), domain S1, and nucleocapsid (N) were estimated using rIFA, ELISA, and commercially available assays, and avidity measured using thiocyanate washout. Neutralizing antibodies against variants of concern were measured using a surrogate-neutralization test. Results: Plasmablast responses were assessed in all participants who gave sequential samples during the first two weeks after infection; they preceded the rise in antibodies and correlated with antibody titers measured at one month. S1 and N protein-specific IgG memory B-cell responses remained stable during the first year, whereas S1-specific IgA memory B-cell responses declined after 6 months. Antibody titers waned over time, whilst potent affinity maturation was observed for anti-RBD antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies against wild-type (WT) and variants decayed during the first 6 months but titers significantly increased for Alpha, Gamma and Delta between 6 months and one year. Therefore, near-similar titers were observed for WT and Alpha after one year, and only slightly lower antibody levels for the Delta variant compared to WT. Anti-RBD antibody responses correlated with the neutralizing antibody titers at all time points, however the predicted titers were 3-fold lower at one year compared to one month. Conclusion: In mild COVID-19, stable levels of SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B cells and antibodies neutralizing current variants of concern are observed up to one year post infection. Care should be taken when predicting neutralizing titers using commercial assays that measure binding antibodies. COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Antibody response Avidity Memory B cells Neutralization Plasmablasts Dewey 616.07 Dewey 616 Dewey 618 Swiss National Science Foundation How immune responses shape the clinical characteristics of COVID-19: a prospective cohort study in patients and their household contacts 196732 CH Programmes 137 Département de pathologie et immunologie 21F 56 Département de médecine 221 58 Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique 223 217 Centre de recherche clinique 201 false 298 Transplantation immunologie et osteoimmunologie 561 1337 Laboratoire d'immunologie vaccinale humaine 1025 400 Virologie clinique 668 143 Centre de vaccinologie et d'immunologie néonatale 177 https://figshare.com/collections/Fitness_of_B-Cell_Responses_to_SARS-CoV-2_WT_and_Variants_Up_to_One_Year_After_Mild_COVID-19_A_Comprehensive_Analysis/5974447 Frontiers in immunology 13 ed9c0198-9b6b-425b-87e4-631d1ba4f507 Article (Published version) Public Article-scientifique-from-unpaywall.pdf 8640232 application/pdf CC BY-4.0 openAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine fondamentale / Département de pathologie et immunologie Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de médecine Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique Faculté de médecine / Centre de recherche clinique

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Fitness of B-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 WT and Variants Up to One Year After Mild COVID-19 – A Comprehensive Analysis	Frontiers in immunology			2022	203	208

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