Self-Organized Nuclear Positioning Synchronizes the Cell Cycle in Drosophila Embryos

Article Article scientifique Article Self-Organized Nuclear Positioning Synchronizes the Cell Cycle in Drosophila Embryos eng 2019-05 author Deneke Victoria E. author Puliafito Alberto 0000-0002-0096-1536 author Krueger Daniel 0000-0003-1139-7755 author Narla Avaneesh 826533 author De Simone Alessandro 0000-0002-1165-8014 985726 Département de génétique et évolution (Genev) (BIANI) author Primo Luca 0000-0002-1294-0441 author Vergassola Massimo 0000-0002-7212-8244 author De Renzis Stefano author Di Talia Stefano 925-941.e17 10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.007 30982601 0092-8674 PMC6499673 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0092867419302697 <p>The synchronous cleavage divisions of early embryogenesis require coordination of the cell-cycle oscillator, the dynamics of the cytoskeleton, and the cytoplasm. Yet, it remains unclear how spatially restricted biochemical signals are integrated with physical properties of the embryo to generate collective dynamics. Here, we show that synchronization of the cell cycle in Drosophila embryos requires accurate nuclear positioning, which is regulated by the cell-cycle oscillator through cortical contractility and cytoplasmic flows. We demonstrate that biochemical oscillations are initiated by local Cdk1 inactivation and spread through the activity of phosphatase PP1 to generate cortical myosin II gradients. These gradients cause cortical and cytoplasmic flows that control proper nuclear positioning. Perturbations of PP1 activity and optogenetic manipulations of cortical actomyosin disrupt nuclear spreading, resulting in loss of cell-cycle synchrony. We conclude that mitotic synchrony is established by a self-organized mechanism that integrates the cell-cycle oscillator and embryo mechanics.</p> Actomyosin network Cell cycle Collective dynamics Cortical contractility Cytoplasmic flows Embryonic development Nuclear positioning Optogenetics Self-organization Synchronization Fondazione Piemontese per la Ricerca sul Cancro 5x1000 2014 Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro AIG 18675 Fondazione Umberto Veronesi P300PA_177838 NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM122936 Swiss National Science Foundation Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds HHMI Howard Hughes Medical Institute NIH R01-GM122936 Schlumberger Faculty for the Future true Cell 177 4 5cd3c996-c9e3-41f9-9961-c257c6d313db Article (Published version) Public 1-s2.0-S0092867419302697-main.pdf 11716836 application/pdf CC BY 3b91a0e5a7f34d69dbecbca7bff31005abacd9db98e9ebd9c0830416fd4de19b openAccess

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Self-Organized Nuclear Positioning Synchronizes the Cell Cycle in Drosophila Embryos	Cell			2019	47	12

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Narla, Avaneesh