Spatiotemporal brain dynamics underlying attentional bias modifications

Article Article scientifique Article Spatiotemporal brain dynamics underlying attentional bias modifications eng 2018 author Sallard Etienne author Hartmann Léa 822889 author Ptak Radek 0000-0003-4708-9201 128547 author Spierer Lucas 502880 29-39 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.06.001 29883677 0167-8760 Exaggerated attentional biases toward specific elements of the environment contribute to the maintenance of several psychiatric conditions, such as biases to threatening faces in social anxiety. Although recent literature indicates that attentional bias modification may constitute an effective approach for psychiatric remediation, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. We addressed this question by recording EEG in 24 healthy participants performing a modified dot-probe task in which pairs of neutral cues (colored shapes) were replaced by probe stimuli requiring a discrimination judgment. To induce an attentional bias toward or away from the cues, the probes were systematically presented either at the same or at the opposite position of a specific cue color. This paradigm enabled participants to spontaneously develop biases to initially unbiased, neutral cues, as measured by the response speed to the probe presented after the cues. Behavioral result indicated that the ABM procedure induced approach and avoidance biases. The influence of ABM on inhibitory control was assessed in a separated Go/NoGo task: changes in AB did not influence participants' capacity to inhibit their responses to the cues. Attentional bias modification was associated with a topographic modulation of event-related potentials already 50-84 ms following the onset of the cues. Statistical analyses of distributed electrical source estimations revealed that the development of attentional biases was associated with decreased activity in the left temporo-parieto-occipital junction. These findings suggest that attentional bias modification affects early sensory processing phases related to the extraction of information based on stimulus saliency. Attentional Bias/physiology Brain/physiology Brain Mapping Cues Electroencephalography Evoked Potentials/physiology Female Healthy Volunteers Humans Inhibition (Psychology) Male Photic Stimulation Reaction Time/physiology Statistics Nonparametric Surveys and Questionnaires Visual Perception/physiology Dewey 150/370 Dewey 616.8 Swiss National Science Foundation Structural and functional brain plasticity in inhibitory control: towards expertise 156854 CH Project funding Swiss National Science Foundation Tracking visual information processing in humans and monkeys: from eye movements to neural coding 144998 CH Infrastructure Swiss National Science Foundation Tracking attentional priority in the human brain: Studies of acquired and virtual lesions 152689 CH Project funding 61 Département des neurosciences cliniques 226 7 Faculté de psychologie et des sciences de l'éducation 7 false 432 Lésions cérébrales et attention spatiale 705 International Journal of Psychophysiology 130 53f251cb-96d4-4757-a38f-d2f19acf49af Article (Published version) Restricted sallard2018a.pdf 1263006 application/pdf restrictedAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département des neurosciences cliniques Faculté de psychologie et des sciences de l'éducation

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Spatiotemporal brain dynamics underlying attentional bias modifications	International Journal of Psychophysiology			2018	361	0

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Hartmann, Léa