Donor-derived fulminant herpes simplex virus hepatitis after liver transplantation : Two cases and review of literature

Article Article scientifique Revue de la littérature Donor-derived fulminant herpes simplex virus hepatitis after liver transplantation : Two cases and review of literature eng 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 author Reinhold Ilana 0000-0002-6222-0418 Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. author Teasca Laurent Xavier Service of Transplantation, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 780690 author Rodriguez Elena Service of Clinical Pathology, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 528181 author Berney Thierry Service of Transplantation, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 63319 Décanat et administration de la faculté de médecine (ADMED) author Mueller Nicolas J Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. author Hilty Matthias Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. author Andermatt Rea Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. author Saro Francesca Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. author Dutkowski Philipp Swiss HPB and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. author Müllhaupt Beat Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. author Van Delden Christian Service of Transplantation, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Transplant Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 24088 Département de médecine (DEMED) Swiss Transplant Cohort Study (STCS) collaborator Posfay Barbe Klara 39230 Département de Pédiatrie, Gynécologie et Obstétrique (PETRI) collaborator Villard Jean 29595 Département de médecine (DEMED) collaborator Toso Christian 0000-0003-1652-4522 92271 Département de chirurgie (CHIRU) collaborator Yerly Patrick Oliver 90910 e14080 10.1111/tid.14080 37247223 1398-2273 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tid.14080 Background: Fulminant herpetic hepatitis due to herpes simplex virus (HSV), serotype 1 or 2, is a rare but often fatal complication after solid organ transplantation (SOT). HSV hepatitis in SOT recipients can occur either due to primary infection acquired post transplantation, viral reactivation in a seropositive patient, or as donor-derived infection. Cases of fatal hepatitis have been reported in the liver as well as in other SOT recipients. The fatal outcome is mostly due to delayed diagnosis and treatment, which is explained by the lack of clinical specificity of HSV hepatitis. Methods: We report two cases of fatal donor-derived HSV hepatitis in liver-transplanted recipients. We reviewed all published cases of donor-derived HSV infections after SOT with an evaluation of the presence of prophylaxis and outcome. Results: In both liver recipients, the retrospective determination of HSV serostatus was negative, and both cases occurred in the absence of cytomegalovirus or HSV prophylaxis. A review of the literature showed a significant series of cases of severe hepatitis, mostly fatal, as well as the absence of specific preventive therapy guidelines in cases of HSV serology mismatch. Conclusions: The occurrence of two fatal donor-derived hepatitis made the Swiss Transplant Infectious Diseases working group modify its national recommendations regarding pretransplant serostatus determination and HSV prophylaxis after liver transplantation. Further studies are needed to assess this approach. Donor-derived infection Guidelines Herpes simplex virus Liver transplantation Dewey 616 Dewey 616.07 Dewey 617 Dewey 618 57 Département de chirurgie 222 56 Département de médecine 221 58 Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique 223 137 Département de pathologie et immunologie 21F false 562 Transplantation et hépatologie 905 357 La transplantation d'îlots de Langerhans 623 515 Recherche en infectiologie pédiatrique et en pédiatrie générale 853 298 Transplantation immunologie et osteoimmunologie 561 235 Perception du Quorum et gènes de virulence 301 Transplant infectious disease 25 4 ae5edcb8-44c6-4226-950a-e7222deb0857 Article (Published version) Public file.pdf 556304 application/pdf CC BY-NC-ND-4.0 8ff8df8d2acf7b9cfeaf02818a3333a6895635be04ea1b9704eafce6f5774e4a openAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de chirurgie Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de médecine Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine fondamentale / Département de pathologie et immunologie

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Donor-derived fulminant herpes simplex virus hepatitis after liver transplantation : Two cases and review of literature	Transplant infectious disease	2023	138	197
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