Root microbiota in primary and secondary apical periodontitis

Article Article scientifique Article Root microbiota in primary and secondary apical periodontitis eng 2018 author Bouillaguet Serge 23861 author Manoil Daniel 0000-0002-9220-3977 660428 author Girard Myriam 666631 author Louis Justine Simone 733810 Justine Louis author Gaia Nadia 800637 author Leo Stefano 876581 author Schrenzel Jacques 29184 author Lazarevic Vladimir 0000-0002-6839-2536 684594 2374 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02374 30356779 1664-302X https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6189451/pdf/fmicb-09-02374.pdf Apical periodontitis is an inﬂammatory disease of the dental periradicular tissues triggered by bacteria colonizing necrotic root canals. Primary apical periodontitis results from the microbial colonization of necrotic pulp tissues. Secondary apical periodontitis results from a persistent infection of incorrectly treated root canals. The aim of this study was to characterize the microbiota present in primary and secondary intraradicular infections associated with apical periodontitis using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Teeth exhibiting apical periodontitis with or without root canal treatment were extracted after informed consent. From each tooth, the intraradicular content as well as a dentin sample (control) were collected and subjected to DNA extraction. PCR amplicons of the V3–V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were pooled and sequenced (2 × 300) on an Illumina MiSeq instrument. The bioinformatics analysis pipeline included quality ﬁltering, merging of forward and reverse reads, clustering of reads into operational taxonomic units (OTUs), removal of putative contaminant OTUs and assigning taxonomy. The most prevalent and abundant OTU in both dentin and root canal samples was assigned to anaerobic bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum. Multivariate analysis showed clustering of microbiota by sample type (dentin vs. intraradicular content) and, in root canals, by pathology (primary vs. secondary infection). The proportions of Enterococcus faecalis and F. nucleatum were, respectively, higher and lower when comparing secondary to primary infected rootcanals.Co-occurrencenetworkanalysisprovidedevidenceofmicrobialinteractions speciﬁc to the infection type. The identiﬁcation of bacterial taxa differentially abundant in primary and secondary intraradicular infections may provide the basis for targeted therapeutic approaches aimed at reducing the incidence of apical periodontitis Apical periodontitis Endodontics Enterococcus faecalis Fusobacterium nucleatum 16S rRNA gene Community proﬁling Oral microbiome Dewey 616 Dewey 617.6 56 Département de médecine 221 205 Division de cariologie et d'endodontie 24P1 false 338 Génomique et microbiote 604 508 Groupe Bouillaguet Serge (medecine dentaire) 846 Frontiers in Microbiology 9 dc3d5e1e-ee03-407c-8d1f-e0e45fe704d6 Article (Published version) Public 9652.pdf 1042199 application/pdf openAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de médecine Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine dentaire / Département de médecine dentaire préventive et de premier recours / Division de cariologie et d'endodontie

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