Atmosphere injection of sea salts during large explosive submarine volcanic eruptions

Article Article scientifique Article Atmosphere injection of sea salts during large explosive submarine volcanic eruptions eng 2023-09-02 2023-09-02 author Colombier M. author Ukstins I. A. author Tegtmeier Jens Werner 69600 author Scheu B. author Cronin S. J. author Thivet Simon 413263 Services communs du département des sciences de la terre (DETCO) author Paredes-Mariño J. author Cimarelli C. author Hess K.-U. author Kula Taaniela author Latu’ila Folauhola H. author Dingwell D. B. 14435 10.1038/s41598-023-41639-8 37660204 2045-2322 PMC10475066 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-41639-8 <p>The 15 January 2022 submarine eruption at Hunga volcano was the most explosive volcanic eruption in 140 years. It involved exceptional magma and seawater interaction throughout the entire submarine caldera collapse. The submarine volcanic jet breached the sea surface and formed a subaerial eruptive plume that transported volcanic ash, gas, sea salts and seawater up to ~ 57 km, reaching into the mesosphere. We document high concentrations of sea salts in tephra (volcanic ash) collected shortly after deposition. We also discuss the potential climatic consequences of large-scale injection of salts into the upper atmosphere during submarine eruptions. Sodium chloride in these volcanic plumes can reach extreme concentrations, and dehalogenation of chlorides and bromides poses the risk of long-term atmospheric and weather impact. Salt content in rapidly collected tephra samples may also be used as a proxy to estimate the water:magma ratio during eruption, with implications for quantification of fragmentation efficiency in submarine breaching events. The balance between salt loading into the atmosphere versus deposition in ash aggregates is a key factor in understanding the atmospheric and climatic consequences of submarine eruptions.</p> Dewey 550 European Commission Experimental access to volcanic eruptions: Driving Observational Potential 834225 EAVESDROP EU H2020 42 Département des sciences de la Terre 154 false 667 Physical Volcanology and Geological Risk Scientific reports 13 1 9b78586e-a085-4893-864c-bd285eb32f11 Article (Published version) Public Article-scientifique-from-unpaywall.pdf 4133737 application/pdf CC BY 5246fc560a568bd749362e1dfb6811834758003d0d4bb4fd9f4700e8c2ef3222 openAccess Faculté des sciences / Section des sciences de la Terre et de l'Environnement / Département des sciences de la Terre

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Atmosphere injection of sea salts during large explosive submarine volcanic eruptions	Scientific reports			2023	97	42

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Tegtmeier, Jens Werner