Role of antimicrobial stewardship programmes in children: a systematic review

Article Article scientifique Article Role of antimicrobial stewardship programmes in children: a systematic review eng 2017 author Araujo da Silva A R author Albernaz de Almeida Dias D C author Marques A F author Biscaia di Biase C author Murni I K author Dramowski A author Sharland M author Huebner Juergen 513095 author Zingg Walter 654437 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.08.003 28807835 0195-6701 The United Nations and the World Health Organization have designated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a major health priority and developed action plans to reduce AMR in all healthcare settings. Establishment of institutional antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) is advocated as a key intervention to reduce antibiotic consumption in hospitals and address high rates of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. PUBMED and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (January 2007-March 2017) were searched to identify studies reporting the effectiveness of ASPs in general paediatric wards and paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) for reducing antibiotic consumption, use of broad-spectrum/restricted antibiotics, and antibiotic resistance and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Neonatal units and antifungal agents were excluded. Of 2509 titles and abstracts, nine articles were eligible for inclusion in the final analysis. All studies reported a reduction in the use of broad-spectrum/restricted antibiotics or antibiotic consumption. One study reported a reduction in HAIs in a PICU, and another study evaluated bacterial resistance, showing no effect following ASP implementation. Prospective audit on antibiotic use was the most common ASP core component (eight of nine studies). Antibiotic pre-authorization was described in two studies. Other described interventions were the provision of guidelines or written information (five of nine studies), and training of healthcare professionals (one study). There is limited evidence for a reduction in antibiotic consumption and use of broad-spectrum/restricted agents following ASP implementation, specifically in PICUs. Data evaluating the impact of ASPs on HAIs and AMR in PICUs are lacking. In addition, there is limited information on effective components of a successful ASP in PICUs. Dewey 616 56 Département de médecine 221 false 251 Staphylocoques dorés résistants à la méthicilline et hygiène hospitalière 330 Journal of Hospital Infection Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de médecine

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Role of antimicrobial stewardship programmes in children: a systematic review	Journal of Hospital Infection			2017	477	0

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Huebner, Juergen