Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and cross-variant neutralization capacity after the Omicron BA.2 wave in Geneva, Switzerland: a population-based study

Article Article scientifique Article Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and cross-variant neutralization capacity after the Omicron BA.2 wave in Geneva, Switzerland: a population-based study eng 2022-12-01 2023-01 author Zaballa María-Eugenia Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. author Perez-Saez Javier Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. author de Mestral Carlos Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,University Centre for General Medicine and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. author Pullen Nick Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. author Lamour Julien Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. author Turelli Priscilla 0000-0002-7302-9977 School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. 505686 author Raclot Charlène School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. author Baysson Hélène 0000-0003-4676-4500 Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 927962 Hélène BAYSSON author Pennacchio Francesco Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. author Villers Jennifer Annick M. Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 941947 author Duc Julien School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. author Richard Viviane Adissa Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 899625 author Dumont Roxane Dina Caroline 0000-0001-5910-9025 Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 821316 author Semaani Claire Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. author Loizeau Andréa Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 677311 author Graindorge Clément 0009-0002-7212-1058 Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 715410 author Lorthe Elsa Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. author Balavoine Jean-François Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 23999 author Pittet Didier Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Infection Control Program and World Health Organization Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 117792 Décanat et administration de la faculté de médecine (ADMED) author Schibler Manuel Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 96444 Département de médecine (DEMED) author Vuilleumier Nicolas Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 61406 Département de médecine (DEMED) author Chappuis François Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division and Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 34709 Département de santé et médecine communautaire (MECOM) author Kherad Omar Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Internal Medicine, Hôpital de la Tour, Geneva, Switzerland. 509928 Département de médecine (DEMED) author Azman Andrew 0000-0001-8662-9077 Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States. 954616 author Posfay Barbe Klara Department of Woman, Child, and Adolescent Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Pediatrics, Gynecology & Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 39230 Département de Pédiatrie, Gynécologie et Obstétrique (PETRI) author Kaiser Laurent Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Geneva Centre for Emerging Viral Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 28229 Département de médecine (DEMED) author Trono Didier School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. 116006 author Stringhini Silvia Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,University Centre for General Medicine and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. 830749 Médecine de premier recours hospitalo-universitaire (MPRHU) author Guessous Idris Department of Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division and Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 760565 Médecine de premier recours hospitalo-universitaire (MPRHU) Specchio-COVID19 study group 100547 10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100547 36474728 2666-7762 PMC9714630 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666776222002435 Background: More than two years into the COVID-19 pandemic, most of the population has developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from infection and/or vaccination. However, public health decision-making is hindered by the lack of up-to-date and precise characterization of the immune landscape in the population. Here, we estimated anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies seroprevalence and cross-variant neutralization capacity after Omicron became dominant in Geneva, Switzerland. Methods: We conducted a population-based serosurvey between April 29 and June 9, 2022, recruiting children and adults of all ages from age-stratified random samples of the general population of Geneva, Switzerland. We tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using commercial immunoassays targeting either the spike (S) or nucleocapsid (N) protein, and for antibody neutralization capacity against different SARS-CoV-2 variants using a cell-free Spike trimer-ACE2 binding-based surrogate neutralization assay. We estimated seroprevalence and neutralization capacity using a Bayesian modeling framework accounting for the demographics, vaccination, and infection statuses of the Geneva population. Findings: Among the 2521 individuals included in the analysis, the estimated total antibodies seroprevalence was 93.8% (95% CrI 93.1-94.5), including 72.4% (70.0-74.7) for infection-induced antibodies. Estimates of neutralizing antibodies in a representative subsample (N = 1160) ranged from 79.5% (77.1-81.8) against the Alpha variant to 46.7% (43.0-50.4) against the Omicron BA.4/BA.5 subvariants. Despite having high seroprevalence of infection-induced antibodies (76.7% [69.7-83.0] for ages 0-5 years, 90.5% [86.5-94.1] for ages 6-11 years), children aged <12 years had substantially lower neutralizing activity than older participants, particularly against Omicron subvariants. Overall, vaccination was associated with higher neutralizing activity against pre-Omicron variants. Vaccine booster alongside recent infection was associated with higher neutralizing activity against Omicron subvariants. Interpretation: While most of the Geneva population has developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies through vaccination and/or infection, less than half has neutralizing activity against the currently circulating Omicron BA.5 subvariant. Hybrid immunity obtained through booster vaccination and infection confers the greatest neutralization capacity, including against Omicron. Funding: General Directorate of Health in Geneva canton, Private Foundation of the Geneva University Hospitals, European Commission ("CoVICIS" grant), and a private foundation advised by CARIGEST SA. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies Neutralizing antibodies Omicron Seroprevalence Switzerland Variants of concern Dewey 613 Dewey 616 Dewey 618 56 Département de médecine 221 201 Centre de médecine de premier recours 22A9 58 Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique 223 false 1255 Virus émergents 993 526 Résistance aux antibiotiques 866 235 Perception du Quorum et gènes de virulence 301 400 Virologie clinique 668 211 Auto-immunité, inflammation et athérosclérose 270 515 Recherche en infectiologie pédiatrique et en pédiatrie générale 853 https://github.com/UEP-HUG/sp4_public https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7124818 The Lancet regional health. Europe 24 785b3123-8766-4455-b2dc-c5d840bdf1cb Article (Published version) Public Article-scientifique-from-europePmc.pdf 551858 application/pdf CC BY-4.0 cc8b9416aaf4158f32bb2e50aa55fcfd544ecc681a98156b2a13c560e7389a0f cf33ad75-0eab-4dfb-9c07-372a9c4a9174 Appendix Public 1-s2.0-S2666776222002435-mmc3.docx 14151 application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document Supplementary material caption 0d1614c5af3fb89f3496674a5bb3f06f925cd4680c99586f56b400b57a4f577e 958c551d-e451-41cc-bab8-fb11f8891f06 Appendix Public 1-s2.0-S2666776222002435-mmc1.pdf 3140094 application/pdf Supplementary appendix e07a4418899f1eee40c667d379663c46619680c60075b5a0c35fbbe107fc2b70 10c7a2ff-025b-4482-97b7-1677d8ea1c19 Appendix Public 1-s2.0-S2666776222002435-mmc2.pdf 90476 application/pdf STROBE Statement—Checklist e7a7d0ea6efc97c78c20eed0b7081586564d1d2f1bdb2746b4c8a58086ab0f38 openAccess Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de médecine Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de santé et médecine communautaires / Centre de médecine de premier recours Faculté de médecine / Section de médecine clinique / Département de pédiatrie, gynécologie et obstétrique

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Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and cross-variant neutralization capacity after the Omicron BA.2 wave in Geneva, Switzerland: a population-based study	The Lancet regional health. Europe	2023	189	254
Inhibition of HIV-1 in Cell Culture by Oligonucleotide-Loaded Nanoparticles	Pharmaceutical research	2001	67	238

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