Can cognitive reserve offset APOE-related Alzheimer’s risk? A systematic review

Article Article scientifique Article Can cognitive reserve offset APOE-related Alzheimer’s risk? A systematic review eng 2025-06-17 2025-08 author Pereira Da Silva Sayonara 0000-0002-7865-1677 422119 Section de psychologie (PSICO) author Lampraki Charikleia 406111 Centre interfacultaire de gérontologie et d'études des vulnérabilités (CIGE) author dos Santos Rêgo Tainá author Ghisletta Paolo 0000-0001-7731-2406 134439 Section de psychologie (PSICO) author Kliegel Matthias 761733 Section de psychologie (PSICO) author Maurer Jürgen 849246 author Studer Matthias 0000-0002-6269-1412 511630 Service enseignement, recherche, administratif et technique (SdS) (SCSPS) author Gouveia Élvio Rúbio author de Maio Nascimento Marcelo author Ihle Andreas 774399 Section de psychologie (PSICO) 102809 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102809 1568-1637 https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1568163725001552 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurocognitive disorder that affects a significant part of the population. Its symptoms include progressive loss of memory and executive dysfunction. Genetic susceptibility to AD can beinfluenced by allele variants of the APOE gene. On the other hand, lifelong experiences such as educational attainment, occupational complexity, and leisure activities, known proxies for cognitive reserve (CR), may modulate gene expression, ultimately impacting AD susceptibility. In this study, we systematically investigated research that explored the interaction between APOE-related AD outcomes and CR. The literature search was conducted using PubMed and all Web of Science databases. We screened 33,861 references, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. The studies varied in research design, population characteristics, proxies for CR, and measured outcomes. The publications presented mixed results, with some indicating protective effects (n = 7), others showing detrimental effects (n = 4), and still others suggesting no significant interaction effects (n = 4). Some of these findings may be attributed to the reliance on individual proxies, which may capture only limited aspects or different dimensions of the broader CR framework. Overall, our analysis suggests that individual risk factors may interact in complex ways and that even genetic predispositions can potentially be influenced by CR. Implications for CR and aging research as well as public health policies are discussed. Dementia Aging Genetic risk Sociodemographic factors Lifestyle Dewey 304.6/305.3/306 Dewey 150 Dewey 618.97 Swiss National Science Foundation APOE-related pathological cognitive development and cognitive reserve accumulation pathways: a detailed lifespan perspective 220074 CH Projects 108 Section de psychologie 71 14 Centre interfacultaire de gérontologie et d'études des vulnérabilités 0D6 195 Institut de démographie et de socioéconomie TH false 1406 Psychologie du développement lifespan 1282 Centre LIVES 599 Méthodologie et analyse des données (MAD) Ageing research reviews 110 f025efbe-99a5-4e4f-a76d-303fbf59ce6b Article (Published version) Public 1-s2.0-S1568163725001552-main.pdf 1125941 application/pdf CC BY-4.0 1e550053baf49e125f49da1ca1f9accc69a5f96a8b0cc96f4f0500060b56d503 openAccess Faculté de psychologie et des sciences de l'éducation / Section de psychologie Centres et instituts / Centre interfacultaire de gérontologie et d'études des vulnérabilités Faculté des sciences de la société / Institut de démographie et de socioéconomie

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