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Scientific article
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English

Operator complexity: a journey to the edge of Krylov space

Published inThe journal of high energy physics, vol. 2021, no. 6, 62
Publication date2021
First online date2021-06-09
Abstract

Heisenberg time evolution under a chaotic many-body Hamiltonian H transforms an initially simple operator into an increasingly complex one, as it spreads over Hilbert space. Krylov complexity, or ‘K-complexity’, quantifies this growth with respect to a special basis, generated by H by successive nested commutators with the operator. In this work we study the evolution of K-complexity in finite-entropy systems for time scales greater than the scrambling time t$_{s}$> log(S). We prove rigorous bounds on K-complexity as well as the associated Lanczos sequence and, using refined parallelized algorithms, we undertake a detailed numerical study of these quantities in the SYK$_{4}$ model, which is maximally chaotic, and compare the results with the SYK$_{2}$ model, which is integrable. While the former saturates the bound, the latter stays exponentially below it. We discuss to what extent this is a generic feature distinguishing between chaotic vs. integrable systems.

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Keywords
  • AdS-CFT Correspondence
  • Field Theories in Lower Dimensions
  • Nonperturbative Effects
  • Random Systems
  • Chaos
  • Integrability
  • Commutation relations
  • Many-body problem
  • Hilbert space
  • Hamiltonian
  • Heisenberg
Citation (ISO format)
RABINOVICI, E. et al. Operator complexity: a journey to the edge of Krylov space. In: The journal of high energy physics, 2021, vol. 2021, n° 6, p. 62. doi: 10.1007/jhep06(2021)062
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ISSN of the journal1029-8479
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