Genomes are full of informations related to our evolutionary history. In this thesis I'm interested in making inferences on past human population interactions by simulating paleogenomic data under different historical contexts. The originality of this approach lies on the simulation of paleogenomes in a spatially explicit simulation framework that integrates demograhy, migration and admixture of populations. Chapter 2 and 3 are related to the test of population continuity, in two different contexts. Chapter 4 and 5 are exploratory analyses in which (i) I explore the effect of spatio-temporally heterogeneous environments on the population continuity test and (ii) I explore different methods to identify a subset of paleogenomes from a database base filling the requirements of our spatially explicit approach. In Chapter 6, I extend the simulation approach to study populations of the Bronze Age in Central Europe under different demographic scenarios.