The condition of the adult with intellectual disability (AWID) includes the largely autonomous, integrated person but also the one in need of constant support, with grossly altered communication abilities, frequently affected by somatic and mental comorbidities and non-adapted behaviors. Their prevalence is about 1 % of the adult population. They should benefit from particular attention of health care professionals, including in mental health. However, their access to health care is often limited and their quality of life and life expectancy are diminished. Recent advances in the field of ID include modified diagnostic criteria, as well as individualized care in a multidisciplinary approach in partnership with relatives and professionals from the community/service providers. These approaches allow to better address special needs of AWID.