The chapter focuses on Bühler's conception of thought-psychology (Denkpsychologie) which he developed in his writings between 1907 and 1918. Two theses emerge from this study. The first regards the discovery of a special kind of facts, the so-called “conscious elements” which play a mediating role in the process of thinking. Bühler shows that the thought operations which are observable in the domain of sense perception are based on “dispositions of atten-tion” or “a consciousness/knowing of relation” which are known immediately and guide the operations of abstracting, comparing, and putting together (abstrahieren, vergleichen, zusam-menfassen). Along the same lines, Bühler introduces the notion of schemes, which he defines as abstract representations allowing a coordination or intuitive disposition of things. This no-tion, which will be mentioned in most of his later works, is used primarily in order to show how thought is realized through a symbolic use of perception. One will see that Bühler as-cribes to this notion a heuristic force which is often ignored in the secondary literature about those texts. Hence our second thesis, which postulates that the Bühlerian reflexions on thought are indispensable for the understanding of the function of representation (Darstel-lungsfunktion) of language on which the Sprachtheorie focuses. The end of the chapter is de-voted to a point of disagreement between Bühler and Brentano's pupils. Although Bühler constantly refers to the project of a descriptive psychology, notably in the form Carl Stumpf gave to it, his field of interest seems to be a different one. Whereas Stumpf, in his reflexions on psychic functions, was interested, among other things, in the link between the functions and their contents (‘phenomena' and ‘formations'), Bühler prefers to analyse those mediating elements which lead to the very constitution of the functions themselves.