Over the last 20 years, neuroimaging research in humans has progressively charted emotions on neural activity within distributed and interactive networks of brain regions. This work provides compelling evidence that emotional perception and elicitation are intimately intertwined with a broad range of mental functions, challenging a classic divide between cognitive and affective sectors of the mind. This chapter describes neural systems engaged by different types of emotional stimuli (e.g. faces, voices, memories, etc.) and different types of emotions (e.g. fear, disgust, regret, etc.). Specificities and commonalities across emotion categories are critically discussed in relation to current theoretical models.